Wrench



(Model.)

G. M. ALLEN.

WRENCH.

UNTTED STATES PATENT FERIE@ GEORGE M. ALLEN, OF GHERRYFIELD, MAIE.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 379,627, dated March 20, 1888.

Serial No. 248.600. (Model.)

.To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE M. ALLEN, of Gherryield, inthe county of \Vashington and State of Maine, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vrenches; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specication.`

My invention relates to an improvement in wrenches, and it consists in the combination, with two ratchet wheels having reversed teeth, a space between them, and an opening through the center of the two wheels, of an operatinglever which is placed between the two wheels,and having its end seniicirculanso as to correspond to the surface of the space, and a dog for catching in the teeth of the ratchet-wheels, all of which will be more fully described hereinafter.

The object of my invention is to provide a wrench which can be applied to jack-screws,

and is intended especially to be used in close places where the screw can be given but apartial revolution, such as raising houses,vessels, and steamboats, which will lower as well as raise the object desired, and which will re quire but one operating-lever for severaljackscrews.

Figure l is a side elevation of my invention as applied to an ordinary jack-screw. Fig. 2 is aside elevation of the ratchet-wheels and the operating-lever. Fig. 3 is a top plan View of the ratchet-wheels and the operating-lever.

A A represent two ratchetwheels, having their teeth formed in reverse directions and an intervening space, B, between them, which forms ajournal or bearing for the operatinglever C. The ratchet-wheels A and the bearing B will preferably be cast in one piece, but may be cast separately and secured together by bolts, if desired. Formed in the center of the ratchet-wheelsAis the openingD,through which passes the upper end of the jack-screw, as shown in Fig. l. This opening will vary in shape according to the shape of the upper end of the jack-screw.

The operating-lever C consists of the bar E, which has its inner end bolted or riveted to the plate F. The inner end of this plate F is bifurcated and made semicircnlar in shape, so as to correspond to the circular surface ofthe bearing B between the ratchetwheels A. The inner end of the operating-lever E is cutaway so as to form a projection, G, between which projection and the inner face of the plate F is pivoted the dog H by means of the holt I, which passes through the plate Fand the projection G. In order to prevent any possibility of lateral movement of the bar E upon the plate F, the plate F is provided with projections or ears J, which are formed integral therewith or rigidly secured thereto, and extend upward upon opposite sides of the bar G.

By means of a wrench of this description but one operating-lever will be necessary for several jack-screws, as the operating-lever C can be instantly detached or removed from the ratchet-wheels A. Then the operating-lever G is placed between the ratchet-wheels A, the dog H is forced or held in the teeth' of the ratchet-Wheels by means of the spring K, and when a sidewise movement is given to the operatinglever G the seniicircnlar portion of the operating-lever is forced against the bearing B, and the operating-lever cannot therefore slip from between them, but is held all the more tightlythe greater pressure there is upon it. If a pawl were used instead of a dog, as shown, the tendency would be to force the operating-lever from between the ratchet-wheels and make it impossible to operate the ratchetwheels. Where a pawl is used it is necessary to have the plate F to extend entirely around the bearing B, in order to hold the operating lever C in place when pressure is exerted upon it.

By forming the ratchet-teeth upon the wheels A in opposite directions, bifurcating the in ner end of the plate F, and the use of' the dog H, I am enabled to withdraw the operatinglever G at any time and turn it over. The operating-lever0 can then be placed between the two ratchet-wheels A, which will bring the dog H in contact with the opposite ratchetwheel, which has teeth extending in opposite directions, and thus reverse the revolution of the jack-screw.

4Having thus described my invention, I claim- IOO In a wrench, the combination of' the two which engages with the teeth, substantiallyas ratchet-wheels A, having teeth extending in shown. Io reverse directions and an opening through In testimony whereof I affix my signature in which passes the object which it is desired to presence of two witnesses. turn, andthe space or bearing B of the oper- GEORGE M. ALLEN. ating-lever C, having its inner end bifureated Witnesses: and made semieireular, so as to correspond to F. I. CAMPBELL, the bearing B, and a spring-actuated dog, H, A. S. WILLEY. 

